Fix: useSearchParams() should be wrapped in a suspense boundary error

The ‘useSearchParams() should be wrapped in a suspense boundary’ error occurs in Next.js when using the useSearchParams() hook without wrapping the component in a React Suspense boundary, which is required for client components that use certain Next.js hooks.

How the Error Happens

❌ Error Scenario:

// ❌ This causes the error
// app/page.js
'use client';

import { useSearchParams } from 'next/navigation';

export default function SearchComponent() {
  const searchParams = useSearchParams(); // ❌ Error: needs Suspense boundary
  const query = searchParams.get('q');
  
  return <div>Search query: {query}</div>;
}

// app/page.js
export default function HomePage() {
  return (
    <div>
      <SearchComponent /> {/* ❌ Error occurs here */}
    </div>
  );
}

✅ Quick Fix - Wrap in Suspense Boundary

Solution 1: Wrap Component with Suspense

// ✅ Wrap the component using useSearchParams with Suspense
// app/page.js
import { Suspense } from 'react';
import SearchComponent from './SearchComponent';

export default function HomePage() {
  return (
    <div>
      {/* ✅ Wrap with Suspense */}
      <Suspense fallback={<div>Loading search...</div>}>
        <SearchComponent />
      </Suspense>
    </div>
  );
}

// ✅ Client component using useSearchParams
// SearchComponent.js
'use client';

import { useSearchParams } from 'next/navigation';

export default function SearchComponent() {
  const searchParams = useSearchParams();
  const query = searchParams.get('q');
  
  return <div>Search query: {query}</div>;
}

Solution 2: Use Suspense Directly in Component

// ✅ Create a wrapper component with Suspense
// app/page.js
import { Suspense } from 'react';

function SearchWrapper() {
  return (
    <Suspense fallback={<div>Loading...</div>}>
      <SearchComponent />
    </Suspense>
  );
}

export default function HomePage() {
  return (
    <div>
      <SearchWrapper />
    </div>
  );
}

// ✅ Client component remains the same
'use client';

import { useSearchParams } from 'next/navigation';

export default function SearchComponent() {
  const searchParams = useSearchParams();
  const query = searchParams.get('q');
  
  return <div>Search query: {query}</div>;
}

Solution 3: Multiple Components with Suspense

// ✅ When using multiple components with hooks requiring Suspense
// app/page.js
import { Suspense } from 'react';

export default function HomePage() {
  return (
    <div>
      <h1>Page with Search</h1>
      
      {/* ✅ Each component that uses hooks requiring Suspense needs its own boundary */}
      <Suspense fallback={<div>Loading search...</div>}>
        <SearchComponent />
      </Suspense>
      
      <Suspense fallback={<div>Loading filters...</div>}>
        <FilterComponent />
      </Suspense>
    </div>
  );
}

// ✅ Search component
'use client';

import { useSearchParams } from 'next/navigation';

export default function SearchComponent() {
  const searchParams = useSearchParams();
  const query = searchParams.get('q');
  
  return <div>Query: {query}</div>;
}

// ✅ Filter component
'use client';

import { useSearchParams, useRouter } from 'next/navigation';

export default function FilterComponent() {
  const searchParams = useSearchParams();
  const router = useRouter();
  const category = searchParams.get('category');
  
  const updateFilter = (newCategory) => {
    const params = new URLSearchParams(searchParams.toString());
    params.set('category', newCategory);
    router.push(`?${params.toString()}`);
  };
  
  return (
    <div>
      <button onClick={() => updateFilter('tech')}>Tech</button>
      <button onClick={() => updateFilter('news')}>News</button>
      <p>Current category: {category}</p>
    </div>
  );
}

Solution 4: Alternative Using Server Components

// ✅ If you don't need client-side interactivity, use server component
// app/search/page.js
import { headers } from 'next/headers';

export default function SearchPage() {
  // ✅ Get search params on the server
  const headersList = headers();
  const searchParams = new URLSearchParams(headersList.get('x-url-search-params') || '');
  const query = searchParams.get('q');
  
  return <div>Server-side search query: {query}</div>;
}

// ✅ Or use the more direct approach in server components
// app/search/page.js
import { notFound } from 'next/navigation';

export default function SearchPage({ searchParams }) {
  const query = searchParams.q;
  
  if (!query) {
    notFound(); // ✅ Handle missing search params on server
  }
  
  return <div>Search results for: {query}</div>;
}